Indigenous actors have dropped out of histories of the revolutionary Caribbean, and Julie Chun Kim recovers them through the Second Carib War of 1795 to 1796 on St. Vincent. Reading Colonial Office correspondence, William Young's 1795 pamphlet, Alexander Anderson's unpublished account and Jean-Baptiste Labat's earlier travels, she shows that the label Black Carib entered British writing precisely when commissioners wanted Carib land, because casting the islanders as descendants of African castaways stripped them of any prior claim to it. The Caribs had absorbed runaways from Barbados, built what observers called a Carib republic, and played French against British interests for generations. When Joseph Chatoyer circulated a French proclamation invoking liberty and brotherhood in 1795, he was fitting revolutionary vocabulary to the older aim of holding the island. Kim traces the war through the British decision to destroy Carib provision grounds, the starvation that followed, the deaths on Balliceaux and the removal to Roatan, reading survivors' statements as continued claims to sovereignty.