Louis-Joseph Janvier published Haiti aux Haitiens in Paris in 1883, writing from exile as news arrived of the Liberal Insurrection at Miragoane. Nadeve Menard's translation of the expanded second edition appears here with annotations, six critical essays and an afterword by Jean Casimir. Janvier's case is that Haiti's future lies with its peasantry: the state should secure smallholders' access to land and credit, build national industry, and refuse foreign banks, fresh external debt and any concession of territory, including the offshore islands then coveted for guano. Debt, he concluded, brings domination, and economic dependence costs sovereignty. Byrd and Stieber's introduction places him within a longer tradition tying the antislavery revolution to defence of the whole island, and argues that reading nineteenth-century Haitian politics mainly through colour conflict has obscured how sophisticated such arguments were. The essays take up Janvier as novelist, racial scientist, constitutional thinker and Black Atlantic polemicist.