Liberté, Égalité, Esclavage: French Revolutionary Ideals and the Failure of the Leclerc Expedition to Saint-Domingue
In 1802 Napoleon sent a large expeditionary force under Leclerc to Saint-Domingue with orders to restore French authority over the colony. Girard follows that campaign through to its failure the following year.
He reads it against the pattern of France's other revolutionary wars, in which conviction and capable command compensated for scarce equipment and untrained troops, while a great European power fought to put the order of the Ancien Régime back in place. The uncomfortable question is which side of that arrangement France now occupied.
Liberté, Égalité, Esclavage: French Revolutionary Ideals and the Failure of the Leclerc Expedition to Saint-Domingue. (2005). French Colonial History, 6, 55-77. https://www.proquest.com/docview/231706845/abstract/312B18B243CE4850PQ/1
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