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Baron de Vastey and the Origins of Black Atlantic Humanism

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Key Research Terms  —Baron de Vastey —Noel Colombel —Haiti’s Isolation —Regeneration —Haiti’s Kingdom vs. Haiti the Republic —Edouard Glissant’s Theory of Opacity —The Unmediated Agency of Early Haitian Writings —Black Atlantic Humanism —Earliest formulations of what would later become CRT

Episode Description:
Focused on the influential life and works of the Haitian political writer and statesman, Baron de Vastey (1781-1820), in this book Marlene L. Daut examines the legacy of Vastey’s extensive writings as a form of what she calls black Atlantic humanism, a discourse devoted to attacking the enlightenment foundations of colonialism. Daut argues that Vastey, the most important secretary of Haiti’s King Henry Christophe, was a pioneer in a tradition of deconstructing colonial racism and colonial slavery that is much more closely associated with twentieth-century writers like W.E.B. Du Bois, Frantz Fanon, and Aimé Césaire. By expertly forging exciting new historical and theoretical connections among Vastey and these later twentieth-century writers, as well as eighteenth- and nineteenth-century black Atlantic authors, such as Phillis Wheatley, Olaudah Equiano, William Wells Brown, and Harriet Jacobs, Daut proves that any understanding of the genesis of Afro-diasporic thought must include Haiti’s Baron de Vastey.

Awakening the Ashes

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Episode Outline

Intro- ToC – Her Most Haitian Book – On the Title – Restorative Justice for Haiti – Our Ancestors had the Receipts! – Insurrection – 1804 Principle – Acts & Actes – The Haitian Story is Local & Global

The Haitian Revolution was a powerful blow against colonialism and slavery, and as its thinkers and fighters blazed the path to universal freedom, they forced anticolonial, antislavery, and antiracist ideals into modern political grammar. The first state in the Americas to permanently abolish slavery, outlaw color prejudice, and forbid colonialism, Haitians established their nation in a hostile Atlantic World. Slavery was ubiquitous throughout the rest of the Americas and foreign nations and empires repeatedly attacked Haitian sovereignty. Yet Haitian writers and politicians successfully defended their independence while planting the ideological roots of egalitarian statehood. In Awakening the Ashes, Marlene L. Daut situates famous and lesser-known eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Haitian revolutionaries, pamphleteers, and political thinkers within the global history of ideas, showing how their systems of knowledge and interpretation took center stage in the Age of Revolutions. While modern understandings of freedom and equality are often linked to the French Declaration of the Rights of Man or the US Declaration of Independence, Daut argues that the more immediate reference should be to what she calls the 1804 Principle that no human being should ever again be colonized or enslaved, an idea promulgated by the Haitians who, against all odds, upended French empire.

Food, Ego, and Failure: The Harsh Truth About Haitian Restaurants in Florida

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The Minimum Viable Plate: How Vanity Kills Haitian Restaurants Before They Even Open

There is a kind of romance to the idea of owning a Haitian restaurant. The warm glow of bouyon simmering on a back burner, the sharp scent of pikliz hanging in the air, the sounds of kompa drifting through a space that belongs to you. It is a dream soaked in nostalgia, in the ache of home, in the hope that a little storefront tucked between a barbershop and a laundromat can be more than just a place to eat—it can be a monument to culture.

But too often, that dream is not about business—it is about vanity.

Haitian restaurants, more often than not, do not begin as businesses. They begin as projects of pride, as monuments to self-image, as status symbols. We do not start them because we have studied the market, because we have tested the concept, because we have built a following that guarantees demand. No, we start them because we want to be seen. We want to own a restaurant the way some men want to own a Mercedes—as proof that we have made it.

And so, we skip the most basic rule of survival.

In software, the smart builder does not pour everything into a full-scale product on day one. Instead, they start with an MVP—Minimum Viable Product—the smallest, leanest version of their idea, tested in real conditions, refined through real feedback. It is the food truck before the restaurant. The catering service before the lease. The pop-up before the storefront. The MVP is humility made strategy—it acknowledges that success is not about what you want to build, but about what people will actually support.

But Haitian restaurateurs? We do the opposite.

We go straight for the 3,000-square-foot restaurant. We sign expensive leases in places where we haven’t sold a single plate. We buy industrial kitchen equipment before we know if we can sell ten meals a day, let alone a hundred. We spend more time designing menus than studying profit margins. We tell ourselves that if we build it, they will come.

They do not come.

Because a restaurant is not just food—it is economics. It is razor-thin profit margins, high failure rates, and relentless overhead costs. And in Florida, where Haitian restaurants multiply faster than they succeed, the saturation alone ensures that the unprepared will be swallowed whole.

But preparation is not what drives these ventures. Ego is.

Because if it were about success, we would start small. We would start lean. We would test, adapt, and grow. We would sell from home. We would host private, invite-only meals on weekends. We would build a customer base before we built a dining room. We would run an MVP, not a vanity project.

But a catering business does not look as good on Instagram as a ribbon-cutting ceremony. A food truck does not carry the same weight as a grand opening. A weekend lakay dinner does not impress the people we want to impress. And so we skip the step that matters most—proof. Proof that the concept works. Proof that the customers exist. Proof that the dream is sustainable before we pour our life savings into it.

The result? Another Haitian restaurant opens with ceremony and pride. Six months later, it is gone. Not because the food wasn’t good. Not because the people didn’t care. But because the foundation was never built to last.

History does not celebrate vanity. It celebrates survival. And for Haitian restaurants to survive, they must abandon the performance of success and embrace the discipline of strategy. Because the food is already perfect. The business model? That is where we fail.

Shibboleths and Passports: The Marks of Empire

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My wife is in transit, crossing borders, navigating spaces that recognize her, and spaces that do not. She sends me a text from the gate—one foot in Miami, the other on a flight to Cameroon. “We left Miami late… got to my gate late, and they were about to close the door. They waited for me! Either the blue passport or the name Jean-Baptiste helped me! Lol.

She is playing, but she is not playing.

Knowing the French, it wouldn’t have been the same deference with a green passport and a ‘tribal’ name,” she continues. And then, “They asked the name. I gave it to them, and they probably thought I was one of them! Or at least related to one of them. French women don’t take their husband’s name.

Empire leaves marks. It stamps its presence into the very air we breathe, into the way names fall from tongues, into the split-second decisions of an Air France gate agent who, in that moment, must decide whether my wife is the type of traveler to be accommodated—or the type to be dismissed.

My mind drifts to shibboleth, the ancient marker of who belongs and who does not. The word, from the Old Testament, was once a test of pronunciation, a password through which life or death was decided. And here we are, centuries later, still speaking in codes.

My wife is not wrong. I have seen it firsthand. I have watched her move through the machinery of the French bureaucracy before she carried my last name, before she held an American passport. I have stood beside her at a ticket counter, at a visa office, in front of some bored, underpaid clerk in Paris, and I have seen the shift. I step forward, say my name, let my accent unfurl, and suddenly the doors open. The Louvre clerk becomes warm, helpful. The process that had been tedious for her alone is suddenly smooth.

But power shifts when the borders change.

Later, after marriage, after citizenship, when she walks into the Cameroonian embassy with an American passport, the dynamic reverses. The clerk, upon seeing her blue book, shifts his tone—speaks to her in French, eases into something softer, less formal, as if speaking to a peer, an aspirational mirror. One even asks if she has forgotten her French, as if the passport itself suggests an amnesia of identity.

She knows how to navigate these spaces. Sometimes, she “pimps me out” to the clerks—lets me do the talking, lets them see what they want to see. I asked once why it worked so well. She smiled, Because you represent so much of what they aspire to—tall, good-looking (her words, not mine), American, which means they think you must have money.

To me, it is something even deeper. It is not just the promise of wealth, but the fantasy of movement—the longing to step beyond the gatekeeping, to exist beyond the smallness imposed by borders. No different from a girl in rural America dreaming of a life in a bigger city, away from the town where she was born. The colonial gatekeeping is fierce. The architecture of empire, even fiercer.

And so my wife continues her journey, carrying the name Jean-Baptiste, carrying the blue passport, carrying the knowledge that passage is rarely just about travel. It is about how well you navigate the maze. About knowing when to present the right shibboleth. About knowing which doors will close, and which ones will wait just a little longer.

Throw the Rock, Hide the Hand: Trump’s Great Deception

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I do not know Donald Trump. But I know the city that made him, the tabloids that birthed him, the bodega endcaps where his name sat, thick and loud, like an old-school mixtape cover. New York in the ’80s was his kingdom of illusion, his racket of grandiose failures spun as triumphs. And for a time, the rappers, the ones who knew how to make something out of nothing, saw him as just that—gold on the outside, dust on the inside, a mirage of wealth even when the banks came calling.

There is an old Haitian adage—voye wòch kache men—throw the rock, hide your hand. It is a proverb stitched into his being. His life has been an endless performance, a carnival act where the mask is the man and the man is nowhere to be found. He does not tell you what he wants; he dazzles you into forgetting to ask.

A contract is not a promise. An agreement is not a bond. A handshake is only an opening gambit. He does not do business; he does conquest. Every investor, every deal, every hopeful believer is just another mark in a game rigged to feed the only thing that has ever mattered to him—himself.

You want to understand why he suddenly speaks of Panama? Do not look at the canal he pretends to care about; look at his failed ventures, the money that washed through his towers, the oligarchs who saw in him a means to an end.

You want to understand his fixation on Gaza? Do not look at the lives lost, the generational wounds reopened. Look at the land, the possibility of wealth, the deals he imagines himself brokering in a world remade for his benefit.

The windmills? That is not about energy. That is about a golf course in Scotland, about a view he thought he owned and the people who refused to bend for him.

And Obama—no, it was never policy, never ideology. It was humiliation. A joke at a dinner, a room full of people laughing at his expense, a wound to his ego that he has spent over a decade trying to suture with destruction.

The immigrants? It was never about borders. It was always about filth, about his own fear of the brown bodies he does not understand, of the people he cannot control, of the brown hands that built the towers he stamped his name on.

His talent—his singular, devastating gift—is in aligning his personal grievances with the fears of others. He does not lead; he exploits. And the GOP, a party that once prided itself on moral backbone, now bends like a battered lover who knows they should leave but cannot. They are trapped, not by loyalty, not by belief, but by need—financial, social, existential. They have hitched their fortunes to a man who would discard them without thought, and still, they stay.

But something is coming. That much is clear. The center cannot hold. The cracks have been widening, the walls closing in. And at some point, something—someone—will snap.

And when they do, when the reckoning arrives, it will not be quiet. It will be loud. It will be final. It will be the thing he never saw coming.

He Was’nt Born in Haiti, but…

He was not born in Haiti, but he could have been. He could have walked the same path as François Duvalier, who turned paranoia into power, who saw enemies in every shadow and purged them before they could whisper his name. He could have been Jean-Claude, inheriting his father’s empire of blood and squander, draping himself in stolen wealth while the country crumbled beneath his feet.

Trump is no ordinary con. He is a trickster of another order, a man who has spent his life not in pursuit of riches but in pursuit of the illusion of riches. He does not build; he brands. He does not earn; he extracts. And in this, he is kin to the tyrants who once drank from the chalice of Haitian sovereignty, who promised grandeur and left nothing but ghosts.

There is an old Haitian adage—Tout sa ki glitè, pa lò. All that glitters is not gold. And yet, how often have we fallen for the shine? How often have we mistaken arrogance for strength, cruelty for discipline, lies for vision? How many times have we, like America now, entrusted our fate to men who see us as nothing more than a stage upon which to perform their legend?

His kingdom is built on sand, his empire on debt. But like all strongmen before him, he understands that the power is not in the lie itself—it is in the willingness of others to believe it. This is why his followers will defend him even as he robs them blind, why the GOP bends to him like broken sugarcane, why men who once called themselves patriots now cower at his feet.

But history does not forget. And history does not forgive. The great deceivers of Haiti’s past thought they could outrun the judgment of time. Some fled into exile, their names spat upon in the streets they once ruled. Others met their fate in the very places they had once called their own. Their statues were toppled, their legacies rewritten not as triumphs but as cautionary tales.

America does not yet understand what it has allowed. But it will. The reckoning will come. Because the thing about strongmen, the thing about those who play at being kings, is that eventually, the people remember. They remember who stole from them, who mocked them, who used them and left them in ruin. And when that remembering comes, it is not quiet. It is not gentle. It is not forgiving.

Haiti knows this truth well. America is only beginning to learn.

Friendship in the Age of Self-Improvement

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I have learned to pay attention.

I have learned that friendship—the kind that lasts, the kind that stretches over decades, the kind that takes root in your bones—does not live in the realm of optimization. It is not something you scale. It does not yield to efficiency. It cannot be plotted on a spreadsheet, measured in gains and losses, tracked like some return on investment. Friendship is what happens in the spaces between.

But I did not always know this.

For years, I watched my own circle shift, not suddenly, but gradually, like the shoreline receding with the tide. Friends who once felt like fixtures faded into the periphery. Some were lost to distance, to time, to circumstance. But others—others were casualties of my own striving, my relentless pursuit of something bigger, something sharper, something better. I began optimizing—my time, my work, my conversations. The slow, meandering joy of being in someone’s company gave way to calculated exchanges, efficiency dictating who stayed and who drifted.

What I found was this: optimization kills organic connections.

It strips friendship of its most sacred quality—its glorious inefficiency. Friendship is built in the waste: in the hours spent talking about nothing, in the long car rides with no destination, in the lingering after the meal is finished, in the laughter that carries no agenda, in the shared silences that stretch into comfort. Friendship is, at its core, a refusal to treat time as a commodity.

The moment I saw certain friends as inputs rather than companions, I had already begun to lose them.

And yet, not all of them fell away. Some remained—not because they were useful, not because they fit neatly into my projects or pursuits, but because our goals, our values, our ways of moving through the world still aligned. They, too, were optimizing—but not at the expense of the relationships that mattered. These were the ones I built with, the ones who knew that self-improvement was not at odds with deep, abiding connection. These were the ones who stayed.

This is not a lament. This is not grief. This is not regret.

This is clarity.

Because the truth is, by now, I have the friends I will carry with me to the grave. I have not had “input” friends in years. The ones left are the ones with whom I share something real—our time, our laughter, our families, our aspirations. They are the ones who are not stagnant, the ones who move and evolve, the ones who seek more without discarding what matters most.

And so, I do not mourn what I have lost. I do not reach for those who faded. Because if friendship is about inefficiency, about time freely given, about presence that does not ask for justification, then what I have now is something solid, something real.

Self-improvement will always be necessary. It will always sharpen and refine. But it is not without its cost. It will cut away what no longer fits, it will strip away the ones who should have been gone long ago. But in the end, what remains is the true measure of the life you’ve built—the ones who stood with you, the ones who wasted time with you, the ones who walked beside you not out of habit, but out of choice.

These are the ones you keep.

Selling Liberation: When Toussaint Louverture Became a Beer Pitchman

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picture of Toussaint Louverture in an ad from the Pfeiffer Brewing Company

There is something uncanny about this image—Toussaint Louverture, stripped of the very thing that made him. He’s there, immortalized in a 1940s beer ad for Pfeiffer’s, a proxy pitchman for a cold pint. Is it just me or was he deracinated there? His blackness—diluted. Toussaint, the general who outmaneuvered Napoleon, Toussaint, who spoke of liberty with the same breath that he held a sword, Toussaint, whose very name sent tremors through the slave-owning world—rendered here, curiously, as something else.

The ad celebrates him, sure. It even reaches for legitimacy, name-dropping the poets who sang his praises. But the history is mangled, the details askew. And then the question: Who was this for? Who, in 1940, was meant to look at this image of a smoothed-out Toussaint, the rough edges of revolution airbrushed away, and feel… what? Pride? Nostalgia? A knowing nod over a bottle of Pfeiffer’s?

I sat with that question longer than I expected. Then I went digging.

Pfeiffer Brewing Company, established in 1889 by German immigrant Conrad Pfeiffer in Detroit, Michigan, played a notable role in supporting the African American community during the early to mid-20th century. Following Prohibition, Pfeiffer made concerted efforts to hire Black employees. In 1935, the company promoted Henry Cummings to salesman, marking him as possibly the first Black salesman for a brewing company. The management expressed intentions to employ Black workers in various positions within the company.

in 1938, the company ran a campaign in the Detroit Tribune, a Black newspaper, to mark Negro History Week—the precursor to what we now call Black History Month. The campaign, titled Builders of History and Civilization, profiled figures like Frederick Douglass, Booker T. Washington, Sojourner Truth, and Paul Laurence Dunbar. It wasn’t just lip service, either. The response was so strong that Pfeiffer kept it going in 1939. By May 1940, at the Negro World’s Fair in Detroit, they had an entire exhibit—booklets profiling 25 Black leaders, a public affirmation that Black history wasn’t some side note but something to be studied, acknowledged, honored.

And so that famous Faulkner line rings true again: The past is never dead. It’s not even past. Because here we are, in an era where the Trump administration slashes and burns through DEI programs, as though this effort to recognize Black excellence is some new affront to American life. As if, 85 years ago, a beer company wasn’t already doing what so many corporations today claim is some radical imposition.

History loops. The same struggles, repackaged. The same fights, renamed. And somewhere in the archives, Toussaint Louverture, turned into a mèt blan, made soft, looks back at us from a beer ad and reminds us: They will always try to write you in ways that make them comfortable. The question is—who will hold the pen?

Reclaiming Haiti’s Futures: Returned Intellectuals, Placemaking, and Radical Imagination

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First off, I’m spending waaay too much time in the footnotes. Lots of delectable gratins from our history, scattered in the margins—like the term dyaspora, for example.

Dyaspora is one of those words that feels like it has always been there, woven into the rhythm of Haitian speech.

But here it is, a word with an arrival, a moment when it was pulled from the ether and set down in our lexicon, given shape by necessity, by movement, by the shifting tides of a people never meant to be contained.

Dr. Darlène says it arrived by the late 1980s, but dyaspora wasn’t just a word—it was a reckoning. Henri Namphy, with his Office of Diaspora Affairs, saw something forming in the wind. Aristide, ever the visionary, took it further, calling the dyaspora Haiti’s Tenth Department, an extension of the nation/lakou— not exiles but a living, breathing limb of the republic. He understood that Haiti didn’t just exist between its mountains and the sea: it lived in Brooklyn, in Miami, in Montreal, in Paris.

By the time the word entered Haitian parlance, I lived it in my 1980s Brooklyn neighborhood: It pulsed in the hands of Haitian cab drivers; in telediole central—my mom’s beauty shop on Church Avenue; it pulsed at Brooklyn Hospital, where my couzine Fifi worked as an ER nurse; it pulsed over manba avec casave from the local bordega; in so many voices carrying Kreyòl over static-filled phone lines, especially on the weekends, when long distance rates were cheaper; I see the word now pulsing then in my mom’s anticipation, because it was her turn to collect at the next sòl cycle; and the word pulsed to and from JFK, in the suitcases stuffed with banans, coffee from Dondo , those hyper tension inducing Maggi cubes, and bottles of Barbancourt.

This book put me to work. I learned from other sources that the term was first used in the Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible, the Septuagint, to describe the exile of the Jewish people from their homeland—“to scatter”.

This book made me realize that dyaspora is both an echo and a reworking, but baptized in Haitian reality. It carries the weight of our history, of exile and return—the enigma of arrival. Like everybody else, we are a people forever navigating the space between longing and belonging.

The author is reminding me that words don’t just appear; they rise from need, from struggle, from the undeniable fact that a people will always name themselves.

Teaching Haiti: Strategies for Creating New Narratives

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Podcast Summary: Rewriting Haiti’s Narrative with Dr. Cécile Accilien

In this episode, I sat down with Dr. Cécile Accilien to discuss her book, Teaching Haiti: Strategies for Creating New Narratives. The conversation explored the urgent need to dismantle dominant, one-dimensional portrayals of Haiti—portrayals often shaped by outsiders with little understanding of the country’s history, complexity, and antifragility.

Dr. Accilien concludes by emphasizing the importance of collective effort. She acknowledges the many Haitians doing transformative work on the ground—people whose names are not in the headlines but who are actively building a different future. Her book, Teaching Haiti, is an invitation to rethink how Haiti is taught, discussed, and understood, ensuring that Haitians themselves define their own narratives.

We covered a lot in this episode. Here are some of the key topics we discussed:

Challenging the Single Narrative of Haiti

Dewitt Peters and the “Discovery” of Haitian Art

Vodou and Catholicism: A Symbiotic Relationship

The Role of Public Intellectuals in Defining Haitian Identity

Haitian Art and Global Exploitation

The Parsley Massacre and Haitian-Dominican Relations

Creole vs. French in Haiti’s Education System

Disaster Capitalism and Haiti’s Endless Cycle of Crisis

Final Thoughts: Building Haiti’s Future


The Rules Were Never Meant for Us: Understanding the Market’s Game


Money is a language, but most of us are not fluent. We move through the world knowing the cost of bread, the worth of an hour’s labor, the price of a roof over our heads. These things feel real, solid. But beyond them lies a financial world that operates in shadows, whispering in the dialect of basis points and derivatives, a realm where wealth is conjured and vanishes in ways we cannot see. We stand at its gates, illiterate in its ways, feeling its weight on our backs without ever laying eyes on the levers that move it.

T.S. Eliot once wrote of “vast impersonal forces” that shape our lives, indifferent to our will. The financial market is such a force. A shift in interest rates, a fluctuation in the stock market—these things ripple outward, deciding who will own a home, who will retire in comfort, who will struggle to pay rent. But the power behind these forces is not always visible. As Michel-Rolph Trouillot reminds us, power is most effective when it hides itself, when it shapes the world without announcing its presence. We do not see the hands that design financial products to confuse us, that profit from our uncertainty, that keep us as perpetual borrowers rather than owners.

And so, we remain strangers in a system that determines our future. The financial market does not behave the way we expect. Unemployment rises, and yet the stock market climbs. Wages stagnate, but corporate profits soar. It is as if the economy plays by rules meant for someone else, its rewards given not to those who toil but to those who already hold the keys. Without financial literacy, we are not merely left behind—we are, in a way, erased. And yet, the market does not need us to understand it to keep moving. Like all vast impersonal forces, it simply carries on.

You might even be tempted to believe there are no rules at all—that the financial markets are less like a system and more like a storm, wild and directionless, tearing through economies without warning. And you would not be wrong to think so. One day, the stock market soars with no apparent wind beneath its wings; the next, it collapses, dragging entire industries, pensions, and livelihoods down with it. Maybe you remember the Internet stock frenzy of the late ’90s, when money poured into companies that had never turned a profit, only for it all to come crashing down in 2000. Or maybe you recall the real estate boom of the 2000s, a bubble so vast that when it finally burst, it left behind the worst recession in two generations.

We, as Haitians, know cycles. We have seen the price of rice and oil double in a matter of weeks. We have watched as one government falls, another rises, and yet, somehow, the streets remain the same. We have learned to navigate instability with the wisdom of our ancestors—turning to sòl and eskwad when banks refuse to lend, trusting community over institutions that have failed us time and again. We know that some seasons bring rain, and others bring drought, that today’s plenty can vanish overnight.

But financial markets? They move to a rhythm that feels foreign, untouched by the realities we know. They boom for reasons that escape us and collapse in ways that seem senseless. And when they fall, they do not just take down corporations and hedge funds—they take homes, retirements, the dreams of entire generations. A kay that took years to build, gone in a foreclosure. A lifetime of savings, erased overnight.

And so, I would not blame you for thinking that the financial market is a world you can never truly enter, a language you will never speak. But I do not believe that is true. Financial literacy is not some distant, unattainable skill—it is closer than you think. The market, for all its chaos, is not ungoverned. It is not some lawless void. It operates within the same economic rules that shape every other market, even the informal ones we know so well. The principles that guide a sòl—trust, timing, shared risk—are not so different from those that move the stock market.

We may never be able to predict its every move, never fully tame its wild swings, but we can learn its logic. We can understand the forces that move it, the tools that build and break fortunes. And so, we will walk through the cycles and the crashes, the booms and the busts, and we will name the instruments that make them possible. We will pull back the curtain, just enough to see how the machine works. And once you see it—once you understand it—you will never look at the market the same way again.

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