1921 to 1922 · Diasporaspan

A general tells the Senate that Haitians were minors in his care

Butler's testimony is Renda's clearest evidence that paternalism was machinery, not decoration.

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1921 to 1949 · Haitianspan

A women's centre opens across from the stadium in a swelling capital

Port-au-Prince gained eight thousand houses in twenty years and the Ligue claimed a room inside it.

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February 1921 · Haitianmonth known

Haitian testimony reaches Washington a season too late

Vincent and Thoby carried women's accounts of marine violence to a president who no longer needed them.

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14 April 1921 · Haitian

A Port-au-Prince evening paper works on the mind of the occupied

Nicholls dates the psychological argument in Le Courrier du Soir to 14 April 1921.

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9 May 1921 · Haitian

A Haitian delegation lays its case before Washington

The mission was paid for by street collections taken up by women in Port-au-Prince.

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19 May 1921 · Caribbean

Trinidad law puts six months and a whipping behind the word obeah

The same ordinance silences drums after ten at night and bans the bongo dance.

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23 May 1921 · Haitian

The same paper tells Haitians to hold out for sovereignty

Nicholls logs the issue of 23 May 1921 in a long run of nationalist campaigning.

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25 May 1921 · Haitian

Duval Duvalier prescribes sociology for the national crisis

His series in Le Courrier du Soir began on 25 May 1921.

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7 June 1921 · Haitian

Lifschitz is killed on the road before his second deportation

Fourteen arrests in two days, an investigation closed in sixteen, and no conviction.

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20 June 1921 · Haitian

Pages de mon carnet records what the Black middle class had lost

Duval Duvalier published his notebook on the occupation on 20 June 1921.

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1921 · Haitianyear only

The Union Patriotique reaches sixteen thousand members

Nicholls dates the founding to 1921 and puts martial law first among its two demands.

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1921 · Diasporayear only

A novel about Africa wins the Goncourt and Haitians take notice

Rene Maran's Batouala took the French prize in 1921 and travelled straight to Port-au-Prince.

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1921 · Diasporayear only

The NAACP receives the delegation the White House would not see

Du Bois, Johnson and Hunton opened a door that Harding's government kept shut.

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12 August 1921 · Haitian

The Union Patriotique addresses the Haitian people

Thirteen signatures on a manifesto printed four days later in the Port au Prince press.

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23 August 1921 · Diaspora

Faysal loses Syria and is given Iraq instead

The French pushed him out in 1920 and the British crowned him in Baghdad a year later.

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8 October 1921 · Haitian

The last caco leader surrenders and Michel calls it defeat

With Achille Jean's surrender the war ends, and Michel refuses to soften the verdict.

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30 November 1921 · Haitian

Senators arrive in Haiti for hearings already decided

1,842 pages of testimony change nothing because the committee had endorsed Welles's plan in advance.

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1 December 1921 · Haitian

A Port-au-Prince paper counts ten years of resistance

Le Courrier Haitien turned an anniversary into a demand that the marines leave at once.

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December 1921 · Haitianmonth known

A French bishop tells a US senator who led the revolt

Asked whether Vodou had declined under the occupation, Jan answered that it had increased.

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