1925 to 1929 · Haitianspan

A Zurich engineering student writes home and lights a fuse

Jacques Roumain came back in 1927, founded a review, then a paper, then a student league.

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1925 to 1929 · Haitianspan

The occupation starts keeping records, and women appear inside them

Senate inquiries pushed the marines to document what they did, which left traces of Haitian women's lives.

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1925 to 1937 · Haitianspan

A sickly child went to strangers' wakes to hear the dead described

Suzanne Sylvain's ethnography began with folktales her caregiver Amise told her in bed.

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1925 to 1935 · Haitianspan

Haitian women's politics is rebuilt out of funerals

Processions, wakes and the ordering of bodies took on political weight under military occupation.

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the 1920s · Diasporadecade

A Russian economist gives his name to the long wave

Fifty to sixty year swings between monopoly profit and competition, named after Kondratieff.

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1925 · Diasporayear only

Churchill puts Britain back on gold and New York pays for it

The old rate of $4.86 crippled British exports, so the Federal Reserve made money cheap.

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the 1920s · Diasporadecade

Three hundred thousand Caribbean people are in the United States

They arrived in the same cities and the same years as the Great Migration.

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1925 · Haitianyear only

An official count makes Haiti smaller and more urban than it is

207,000 townspeople against a peasantry the state never seriously tried to number.

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1 May 1925 · Haitian

Sannon tells the new historical society that the past is a recovery plan

He made the searching of Haitian history a condition for ending foreign rule.

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May 1925 · Haitianmonth known

Price-Mars publishes on the religion of Haiti's Black majority

He treated African survivals as a foundation of Haitian life rather than an embarrassment.

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1925 · Haitianyear only

Haitians found a historical society to fight an occupation with the past

Its founders held that a threatened people must go back to its history for rules of conduct.

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1925 · Haitianyear only

Two young writers accuse their elders of copying Europe

Antonio Vieux and Philippe Thoby-Marcelin launched La Nouvelle Ronde for Haiti's youth.

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July 1925 · Haitianmonth known

A manifesto splits Haitian literature into yesterday and tomorrow

Vieux and Thoby-Marcelin asked for national authenticity and named imitation as the enemy.

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3 August 1925 · Haitian

Four sisters walk beside their father's body through an occupied city

Georges Sylvain died at home on Rue Christophe and a thousand people lined the streets by dawn.

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3 August 1925 · Haitian

Shopkeepers close the capital for a funeral and the classes mix on the street

Black flags on Rue des Fronts-Forts, and condolences from across the Caribbean and the Americas.

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3 August 1925 · Haitian

The market women of Port-au-Prince kneel as the coffin passes

Le Nouvelliste and La Poste both recorded the crowd going down as if on an order.

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22 August 1925 · Haitian

An American magazine explains what America is doing for Haiti

Arthur Ruhl told Current History readers that the occupation had brought stability and infrastructure.

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November 1925 · Haitianmonth known

Charlier asks who governs and who is governed in Haiti

An essay in La Nouvelle Ronde opened the enquiry that made him a Marxist historian.

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