1916 to 1922 · Haitianspan

The loan Haiti was promised in 1915 arrived seven years late

In seven years the occupation ran through four admirals, six brigade commanders and two advisers.

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1916 to 1918 · Haitianspan

Waller and Butler set the tone, and the tone is contempt

The colonel threatened to pull the marines out for a day; the major counted Haitians by their shoes.

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1916 · Haitianyear only

The Americans dissolve the Haitian army and build its replacement

Twenty uprisings in seven years ended, and every later coup came out of the new force.

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4 to 5 January 1916 · Haitianspan

A night of gunfire in Port-au-Prince paid for by German merchants

The plotters meant to seize the palace and put Pauleus Sannon in the presidency.

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1916 · Haitianyear only

Consultants end the sharecropping arrangement that fed Leogane

The farmers kept three quarters of what they interplanted until a report called it inefficient.

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February 1916 to 16 June 1917 · Haitianspan

Dartiguenave asks the Americans to help him shut his own Senate

Washington edited the new constitution, and the assembly answered by drafting one of its own.

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10 May 1916 to December 1917 · Haitianspan

Caperton leaves for Santo Domingo and the occupation's manners go too

The admiral danced with Port-au-Prince society; Colonel Waller demanded promises in writing.

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1916 · Haitianyear only

Demoted from general to lieutenant, Jeanty leaves the army

The occupation reorganises the Haitian military and loses its best-known bandmaster.

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1916 · Haitianyear only

A United States Senate decision creates the army that would rule Haiti

The new gendarmerie reaches into rural districts and hands Port-au-Prince a monopoly on force.

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July 1916 to 1 January 1918 · Haitianspan

A dormant law of 1863 puts the peasantry back on the roads

Three days of unpaid labour a year built 470 miles of highway at 205 dollars a mile.

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